| Information | |
|---|---|
| has gloss | (noun) (ancient Rome) a professional combatant or a captive who entertained the public by engaging in mortal combat gladiator |
| has gloss | eng: A gladiator (, "swordsman", from , "sword") was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals. Some gladiators were volunteers who risked their legal and social standing and their lives by appearing in the arena. Most were despised as slaves, schooled under harsh conditions, socially marginalized, and segregated even in death. Irrespective of their origin, gladiators offered audiences an example of Rome's martial ethics and, in fighting or dying well, they could inspire admiration and popular acclaim. They were celebrated in high and low art, and their value as entertainers was commemorated in precious and commonplace objects throughout the Roman world. |
| has gloss | eng: Gladiators (Latin: gladiatōrēs, "swordsmen" or "one who uses a sword," from gladius, "sword") were professional fighters in ancient Rome, who fought against each other, wild animals, and sentenced criminals, sometimes to the death, for the entertainment of the public. These fights took place in arenas in many cities from the Roman Republic period through the Roman Empire. |
| lexicalization | eng: Gladiator types |
| lexicalization | eng: Gladiator |
| lexicalization | eng: Lanistae |
| subclass of | (noun) someone who fights (or is fighting) scrapper, belligerent, battler, combatant, fighter |
| has subclass | e/Cleveland Gladiators |
| has subclass | e/Gladiators (2008 UK TV series) |
| has subclass | e/Las Vegas Gladiators |
| has instance | e/ca/Catervari |
| has instance | e/ca/Dimaquer |
| has instance | e/ca/Gladiador fiscal |
| has instance | e/ca/Gladiador meridià |
| has instance | e/ca/Gladiador ordinari |
| has instance | e/ca/Gladiador postulat |
| has instance | e/ca/Gladiador samnita |
| has instance | e/de/Crupellarius |
| has instance | e/de/Eques (Gladiator) |
| has instance | e/de/Essedarius |
| has instance | e/de/Pontarius |
| has instance | e/de/Provocator |
| has instance | e/Bustuarii |
| has instance | e/Gallus (gladiator type) |
| has instance | e/Gladiatrix |
| has instance | e/Hoplomachus |
| has instance | e/Laquearius |
| has instance | e/List of Roman gladiator types |
| has instance | e/Manica (armour) |
| has instance | e/Murmillo |
| has instance | e/Paegniarius |
| has instance | e/Retiarius |
| has instance | e/Sagittarii |
| has instance | e/Samnite (gladiator type) |
| has instance | e/Scissor (gladiator type) |
| has instance | e/Secutor |
| has instance | e/Thraex |
| has instance | e/Venatio |
| has instance | e/es/Mirmilones |
| has instance | e/fr/Andabate |
| has instance | e/fr/Dimachère |
| has instance | e/fr/Laniste |
| has instance | e/fr/Parma threcidica |
| has instance | e/fr/Parmularius |
| has instance | e/it/Auctoratus |
| has instance | c/it/Equipaggiamento dei gladiatori |
| has instance | e/it/Dimachaerus |
| has instance | e/it/Paegniarius |
| has instance | e/it/Veles (gladiatore) |
| has instance | e/nl/Catervarius |
| Meaning | |
|---|---|
| Asturian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ast: gladiador |
| Bosnian | |
| has gloss | bos: Gladijatori (lat. gladiatores), borci u starom Rimu koji su se, radi zabave gledaoca izvodili borbe sa mačevima, kopljima, koristeći tadašnje vojne i borilačke vještine. Borbe su se obično prekidale kod krvi, ali kod kasnijih rimskih careva ova igra se degradirala do te mjere da je cilj gladijatorskih igara bila smrt. |
| lexicalization | bos: gladijator |
| Bulgarian | |
| has gloss | bul: Гладиатори (лат. gladiatores) е наименование на роби, престъпници или военнопленници в Древния Рим, които се сражавали помежду си или с диви животни за забавление на публиката. |
| lexicalization | bul: гладиатор |
| Catalan | |
| has gloss | cat: Rep el nom de gladiador (gladiator en llatí) qui lluita amb un altre, o amb un animal, als jocs públics de lantiga Roma. La teoria més acceptada sobre lorigen daquest mot és que deriva de la paraula gladius, lespasa que feien servir. |
| lexicalization | cat: Gladiadors |
| lexicalization | cat: gladiador |
| Czech | |
| has gloss | ces: Gladiátor (lat. gladiator, „ten, kdo používá meč“, šermíř) byl člověk bojující v zápasech pro pobavení publika. Výraz gladiátor je odvozen od názvu krátkého meče (gladius), s nímž gladiátoři za časů starověkého Říma často bojovali. Gladiátoři byli často otroci, váleční zajatci a odsouzení zločinci, existovali však i gladiátoři-profesionálové. |
| lexicalization | ces: gladiátor |
| Mandarin Chinese | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | cmn: jiǎo dòu shi |
| lexicalization | cmn: 角斗士 |
| lexicalization | cmn: 角鬥士 |
| Danish | |
| has gloss | dan: En gladiator (af lat. gladius, et sværd) var enten en slave, fange, eller frie mænd som frivilligt meldte sig til gladiatorskolerne, enten for berømmelsen eller fordi man nød kampen, disse folk skulle underholde kejseren og de rige romere ved at kæmpe mod andre gladiatorer eller mod vilde dyr i det gamle Rom. Der findes kilder som peger på at nogle gladiatorer kunne være aflønnede kæmpere. Mange af gladiatorerne lavede oprør mod de rige, fordi de ville leve et normalt liv, hvor de ikke skulle frygte døden hver eneste dag. Det mest kendte oprør var det, som Spartacus anstiftede i 73-71 f.Kr. Spartacus stammede fra Balkan-halvøen og var gladiator i Rom. Spartacus døde, da oprøret blev nedkæmpet af den romerske politiker og hærfører Crassus. |
| lexicalization | dan: gladiator |
| German | |
| has gloss | deu: Gladiatoren (vom lateinischen gladius, einem „Stoßschwert“) waren im antiken Rom Berufskämpfer, die in öffentlichen Schaustellungen gegeneinander kämpften. Der Kampf der Gladiatoren gegeneinander wird als Gladiatur bezeichnet. Gladiatorenkämpfe waren Bestandteil des römischen Lebens von 264 v. Chr. bis Anfang des 5. Jahrhundert nach Chr. |
| lexicalization | deu: Gladiator |
| Esperanto | |
| has gloss | epo: Gladiatoro estis spektakla batalanto en antikva Romio, kiu je amuzo de la publiko batalis en cirko kontraŭ alia homo aŭ sovaĝa besto. La nomo deriviĝas de la latina vorto gladius (= glavo). Sed estis diversaj specoj de gladiatoroj, kiuj batalis per diversaj bataliloj. |
| lexicalization | epo: gladiatoro |
| Estonian | |
| has gloss | est: Gladiaatorid (ladina keeles gladiatores, ainsuses gladiator) olid Vana-Roomas elukutselised võitlejad, kes pealtvaatajate meelelahutuseks võitlesid üksteisega ja metsloomadega, mõnikord elu ja surma peale. Need võitlused toimusid areenidel paljudes linnades. |
| lexicalization | est: gladiaator |
| Basque | |
| has gloss | eus: Gladiadoreak Erromatar Errepublika eta Inperioaren garaiaren zati handi batean, Erromako zirkuan, Circus Maximus edo Zirku Nagusia izenekoan, elkarren aurka borrokatzen zuten borrokalariak ziren. |
| lexicalization | eus: gladiadore |
| Persian | |
| has gloss | fas: :برای فیلمی به این نام به گلادیاتور (فیلم) رجوع نمائید. گِلادیاتورها دستهای از جنگجویان حرفهای در روم باستان بودند که با یکدیگر و با حیوانات درنده جنگیده و دست و پنجه نرم میکردند تا موجبات تفریح تماشاگران را فراهم آورند. این پیکارها که گاه به مرگ ایشان میانجامید در میدانگاههای ویژهای در بسیاری از شهرهای امپراتوری روم، برای نمونه کولوسئوم رم، اجرا میشد. |
| lexicalization | fas: گلادیاتور |
| Finnish | |
| has gloss | fin: Gladiaattori (, miekkamies) oli Rooman valtakunnan aikaisen kansanhuvituksen esiintyjä. Gladiaattorin tehtävä oli taistella yleensä muita gladiaattoreita tai eläimiä vastaan. Pääosa taisteluista ei päättynyt gladiaattorien kuolemaan, mutta joskus häviäjä surmattiin. Roomalaiset omaksuivat gladiaattorinäytökset etruskeilta. Etruskit järjestivät taistelunäytöksiä hautajaisissa. |
| lexicalization | fin: gladiaattori |
| French | |
| has gloss | fra: Les gladiateurs (du latin: signifiant « combattant à lépée », ou « épéiste » ) étaient des combattants professionnels, esclaves ou non (esclaves affranchis pour leurs exploits ou engagés volontaires) qui se battaient entre eux ou contre des fauves, à lorigine pour honorer la mémoire d'un mort, puis de plus en plus pour le divertissement du public. Les plus anciennes représentations de combats rituels en Italie ont été retrouvées dans des tombes lucaniennes à Paestum, datées entre 370 et 340 av. J.-C. |
| lexicalization | fra: gladiateur |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | fra: belluaire |
| Serbo-Croatian | |
| has gloss | hbs: Gladijatori su bili borci u starom Rimu koji su se borili u areni protiv životinja i jedni protiv drugih. Termin „gladijator“ potiče od reči „gladijus“ , kratkog rimskog mača za bodenje i sečenje. |
| lexicalization | hbs: gladijator |
| Hebrew | |
| has gloss | heb: גלדיאטור (Gladiator בלשון חז"ל: לודר, מילה שמקורה בלטינית, ראו להלן) הוא כינוי ללוחם ברומא העתיקה ובמקומות אחרים שעסק במופעי בידור, שכללו קרבות בין גלדיאטורים לבין עצמם או בין גלדיאטורים לבין חיות מסוכנות. לעתים קרובות הסתיימו קרבות אלה במות הגלדיאטור. קרבות של גלדיאטורים התקיימו בערים רבות של הרפובליקה הרומית והאימפריה הרומית, לעתים במבנים שנבנו במיוחד לכך, כדוגמת הקולוסיאום. סוגים שונים של גלדיאטורים נלחמו בצורות שונות של קרב. |
| lexicalization | heb: גלדיאטור |
| Croatian | |
| has gloss | hrv: Gladijatori (lat. gladiatores), borci u starom Rimu koji su, radi zabave gledatelja izvodili borbe s mačevima, kopljima, koristeći tadašnje vojne i borilačke vještine. Borbe su se obično prekidale kod pojave krvi, no kod kasnijih rimskih careva ova igra se degradirala do te mjere da je cilj gladiatorskih igara bila smrt. |
| lexicalization | hrv: gladijatori |
| Hungarian | |
| has gloss | hun: A gladiátorok az ókori római arénákban egymás ellen változatos fegyverzettel küzdő harcosok voltak. A hagyomány szerint eredetileg a hódító hadjáratok során foglyul ejtett rabszolgák voltak. A gladiátor (kardforgató) elnevezés arra utal, hogy a játékok széles körű elterjedése idején a harcosok többsége kardot, gladiust viselt. Valójában történetük a múltban sokkal mélyebben gyökerezik, mint ahogy eleinte gondolták. |
| lexicalization | hun: gladiátor |
| Ido | |
| has gloss | ido: Gladiatoro esas (en la Roma antiqua) viro quan onu igis kombatar, en cirko, kontre altra viri o kontre bestii feroca, por amuzar la plebeyo spektanta. |
| lexicalization | ido: Gladiatoro |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | ido: gladiatoro |
| Indonesian | |
| has gloss | ind: Gladiator (Bahasa Latin: gladiatōrēs yang berarti "ahli pedang" atau "orang yang menggunakan pedang", dari kata gladius yang bermakna "pedang") adalah petarung profesional pada masa Romawi Kuno yang saling bertarung sesama gladiator, binatang buas dan penjahat-penjahat yang terhukum. Pertarungan ini kadang-kadang berakhir dengan kematian. Tujuannya untuk menghibur penonton. Pertarungan ini bertempat di arena yang terdapat di banyak kota selama masa Repubik Romawi dan Kekaisaran Romawi. terdapat tiga kenis gladiator yang di pertarungkan dalam arena contoh murmillo |
| lexicalization | ind: Gladiator |
| Italian | |
| has gloss | ita: Il gladiatore era un particolare lottatore, durante lImpero Romano; il nome deriva dal gladio, una piccola spada corta usata molto spesso nei combattimenti. La pratica dei combattimenti di gladiatori viene dal Sannio e, come molti altri aspetti della cultura sannitica, fu subito adottato dai romani. La sua origine è da ricollegare al cosiddetto munus (termine che in latino ha il doppio significato di incarico e di dono) e cioè allabitudine dei personaggi più facoltosi di offrire al popolo, a proprie spese, pubblici spettacoli in occasione di particolari circostanze, per esempio duelli all'ultimo sangue fra schiavi in occasione del funerale di qualche congiunto. Altre ipotesi fanno collegare la nascita dei gladiatori agli Etruschi. |
| lexicalization | ita: gladiatore |
| lexicalization | ita: Gladiatori |
| Japanese | |
| has gloss | jpn: 剣闘士（けんとうし 羅:Gladiator）は古代ローマの戦士。 共和政ローマやローマ帝国の多くの都市にはアンフィテアトルム（円形劇場）が存在しており、そこで剣闘士同士、あるいは剣闘士と猛獣などとの戦いが繰り広げられた。また人工池などを用いて模擬海戦が行なわれることもあった。 |
| lexicalization | jpn: 剣闘士 |
| Georgian | |
| has gloss | kat: გლადიატორი ( — «ხმალი», «გლადიუსი») — მებრძოლთა სახელი ძველ რომში, რომელებიც ერთმანეთს ან ცხოველებს ებრძოდნენ ძველ რომში მაყურებელთა განწყობის ასამაღლებლად. |
| lexicalization | kat: გლადიატორი |
| Korean | |
| has gloss | kor: 검투사(劍鬪士, )는 고대 로마 때 경기장에서 사람이나 야생 동물, 범죄자 등과 싸우는 것을 업으로 삼았던 직업적 전사를 말하며, 검투 경기는 이들 검투사가 벌인 스포츠 경기였다. 역사 검투경기 로마 시대 검투 경기는 수도 로마뿐만 아니라, 로마 공화정과 제정에 걸쳐 제국 전역에서 실시되었다. 이 말의 어원은 스키피오 아프리카누스가 제2차 포에니 전쟁 중 에스파냐를 점령한 후 채택한 에스파냐 원주민의 검에서 유래했다. 검투사 중에서 유명한 사람은 기원전 73년에 발생한 노예들의 항쟁인 스파르타쿠스 전쟁을 주도했던 검투사 노예 스파르타쿠스였다. |
| lexicalization | kor: 검투사 |
| Kurdish | |
| has gloss | kur: Gladiyator (bi latînî: gladiatōrēs, "şûrdar anko kesê şûrî bikar diînit" ji peyva gladius anko "şûr") şerkerên pîşekar anko profesyonel bûn ko li dema Roma Kevin dijberî hevdu, lawirên kovî û hov û carina jî dijberî tawankarên ko sizayê mirinê li ser hatibû danan carina heta mirinê şer dikir. Ev şer piranî di hindek qad an erînayan da dihat kirin û xelkekê zehf mîna temaşavanan lê dinihêriyan. Ji dema Komara Romê heta Împeratoriya Romê ev şer li gelek bajaran dihatin kirin. |
| lexicalization | kur: Gladiyator |
| Latin | |
| has gloss | lat: Gladiator , homo gladiandi in arte peritus, praesertim qui in amphitheatro (cf. Colosseum) nonnumquam usque ad mortem pugnabat. |
| lexicalization | lat: gladiator |
| Latvian | |
| has gloss | lav: Senajā Romā par gladiatoriem bieži kļuva vergi, kuri bija izdarījuši smagus pārkāpumus. Piemēram bēguši no saimnieka, vai sacēlušies pret to. |
| lexicalization | lav: gladiators |
| Lithuanian | |
| has gloss | lit: : Šis straipsnis apie kovotojų profesiją. Apie filmą skaitykite – Gladiatorius (2000 filmas). Gladiatorius ( iš gladius trumpas kalavijas, gladijus) – Senovės Romoje viešųjų karinių rungtynių ar žaidynių dalyvis (vergas, karo belaisvis ar pasmerktas nusikaltėlis), kovojęs cirko ar amfiteatro arenoje su kitais gladiatoriais arba laukiniais žvėrimis. |
| lexicalization | lit: Gladiatorius |
| lexicalization | lit: gladiatorius |
| Macedonian | |
| has gloss | mkd: Гладијатори биле борци во стариот Рим кои се бореле во арена против животни и едни против други. Терминот „гладијатор“ потекнува од зборот „гладиус“ (латински gladius), краток римски меч за бодење и сечење. |
| lexicalization | mkd: гладијатор |
| Malay (macrolanguage) | |
| has gloss | msa: Gladiator (Bahasa Latin: gladiatōrēs, "ahli pedang" atau "orang yang menggunakan pedang", dari perkataan gladius "pedang") adalah pahlawan profesional pada masa Rom Purba yang saling bertarung sesama gladiator, binatang buas dan penjahat-penjahat yang dihukum. Pertarungan ini kadang-kala berakhir dengan kematian. Tujuannya untuk menghibur penonton. Pertarungan ini bertempat di arena yang terdapat di banyak kota ketika zaman Republik Rom dan Empayar Rom. |
| lexicalization | msa: gladiator |
| Dutch | |
| has gloss | nld: Een gladiator was bij de oude Romeinen iemand die een gevecht leverde als volksvermaak. Het woord gladiator is afgeleid van gladius, Latijn voor zwaard, en betekent ‘zwaardvechter’, hoewel gladiatoren ook wel andere wapens gebruikten. |
| lexicalization | nld: gladiator |
| lexicalization | nld: Romeins gladiator |
| Norwegian | |
| has gloss | nor: :For den amerikanske spillefilmen med samme navn, se Gladiator (film). Gladiatorer (på latin gladiatores) var profesjonelle krigere og slåsskjemper i antikkens Roma som sloss mot hverandre, ville dyr og slaver. Gladiatorkampene ble enkelte ganger utkjempet til døden, for underholdningens skyld. Kampene tok plass i store arenaer over hele Romerriket, et eksempel på et slikt arena er Colosseum i Roma. |
| lexicalization | nor: gladiator |
| Iranian Persian | |
| lexicalization | pes: گلادیاتور |
| Polish | |
| has gloss | pol: Gladiator (łac. gladiatores, od gladius - miecz) - niewolnik toczący walkę na arenie w starożytnym Rzymie. |
| lexicalization | pol: gladiator |
| Portuguese | |
| has gloss | por: Gladiador era um lutador escravo treinado na Roma Antiga. O nome "Gladiador" provém da espada curta usada por este lutador, o gladius (gládio). Eles se enfrentavam para entreter o público, e o duelo só terminava quando um deles morria, ficava desarmado ou ferido sem poder combater. Nesse momento do combate é que era determinado por quem presidia aos jogos, se o derrotado morria ou não, frequentemente influenciado pela reacção dos espectadores do duelo. Alguns dizem que bastava levantar o polegar para salvar o lutador, outros dizem que era a mão fechada que deveria ser erguida. |
| lexicalization | por: gladiador |
| lexicalization | por: Tipos de gladiador |
| Moldavian | |
| lexicalization | ron: gladiator |
| Russian | |
| has gloss | rus: Гладиа́тор (от — «меч», «гладиус») — наименование бойцов в Древнем Риме, которые сражались между собой или с животными на забаву публике на специальных аренах. |
| lexicalization | rus: гладиатор |
| Sicilian | |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | scn: gladiaturi |
| Slovak | |
| has gloss | slk: Gladiátori (lat. gladiatores - muž s mečom, zo slova gladius - krátky meč používaný legionármi a niekedy gladiátormi) boli profesionálni bojovníci v starovekom Ríme, ktorí bojovali medzi sebou, s divými zvermi a otrokmi, niekedy na život a na smrť pre zábavu divákov. Tieto boje sa odohrávali v arénach v mnohých mestách starovekého Ríma. |
| lexicalization | slk: gladiátor |
| Castilian | |
| has gloss | spa: ((Otro la magnífica novela "la sombra de la bestia" del Autor Mexicano Isaac Almeida Saavedra. |
| lexicalization | spa: gladiador |
| lexicalization | spa: Tipos de Gladiadores |
| Albanian | |
| lexicalization | sqi: Gladiatori |
| Serbian | |
| has gloss | srp: Гладијатори су били борци у старом Риму који су се борили у арени против животиња и једни против других. Термин „гладијатор“ потиче од речи „гладијус“ , кратког римског мача за бодење и сечење. |
| lexicalization | srp: гладијатор |
| Swedish | |
| has gloss | swe: För filmen Gladiator, se Gladiator (film). Gladiator (latin för "svärdskämpe") var en slagskämpe under antikens Rom, som i underhållningssyfte tvingades kämpa på liv och död mot andra gladiatorer eller vilda djur inför publik. De tränades och hölls inlåsta i särskilda gladiatorskolor samt uppträdde vid de många gladiatorspelen under tidsepoken. Gladiatorerna var ofta dödsdömda förbrytare, krigsfångar eller slavar men det var en tredjedel som var fria medborgare som också antogs till att vara gladiatorer. |
| lexicalization | swe: gladiator |
| Tagalog | |
| has gloss | tgl: Ang mga gladyador (Latin: gladiatōrēs, "eskrimador" o "taong bihasa sa pag-gamit ng espada" , mula sa gladius, "maikling espada" ma ginamit ng mga lehiyonaryo at ng ilang mga gladyador) ay mga dalubhasaang mandirigma ng sinaunang Roma, na nakikipaglaban laban sa isa't isa, sa mababangis na mga hayop, at mga nasintensiyahang mga kriminal, minsang hanggang kamatayan, para sa libangan ng madla. Nagaganap ang ganitong mga labanan sa mga arena ng maraming mga lungsod mula sa panahon ng Republikang Romano hanggang sa Imperyong Romano. |
| lexicalization | tgl: gladyador |
| Turkish | |
| lexicalization | tur: gladyatör |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| lexicalization | tur: gladiyatör |
| Ukrainian | |
| has gloss | ukr: Гладіатор — воїн-невільник часів давнього Риму, що виступав на видовищних заходах, б'ючись на арені з иншими гладіяторами, або з тваринами (левами). |
| lexicalization | ukr: гладіатор |
| Chinese | |
| has gloss | zho: 角斗士（拉丁语：），是古罗马奴隶社会的一种身份特殊的奴隶，通常都是战俘或其他犯了事的奴隶。他们的职责是在角斗场上进行殊死搏斗，为人们提供野蛮的娱乐。角斗士在出场竞赛前，都必须经过专门学校的严格训练，才能够走上竞技场搏斗。搏斗的形式有几种，一对一的搏斗，十人对十人的搏斗，还有集体与野兽群的搏斗。他们结局是或者战死，或者由于表现突出赢得胜利而获得释放。他们的命运十分悲惨。 |
| lexicalization | zho: 角鬥士 |
| Links | |
|---|---|
| has category | (noun) the historic period preceding the Middle Ages in Europe antiquity |
| Show unreliable ▼ | |
| similar | e/Gladiator |
| similar | e/simple/Gladiator |
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